Students study motion, speed, velocity, and acceleration in one and two dimensions. Understand how to read and interpret motion graphs.

Students explore force, mass, and acceleration using Newton's three laws. Includes free-body diagrams and frictional forces.

Students learn about centripetal acceleration, orbital motion, and Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation in curved paths.

Students study kinetic and potential energy, work-energy theorem, and conservation of mechanical energy in systems.

Students explore impulse and momentum, collisions (elastic and inelastic), and momentum conservation principles in 1D and 2D.

Students investigate oscillations, including springs and pendulums. Understand concepts of frequency, period, and amplitude.

Students examine rotational kinematics, moment of inertia, torque, and angular momentum. Apply Newton’s laws to rotational systems.

Students study wave properties, sound, and wave interference. Includes standing waves, wave speed, and resonance.